俄罗斯联邦概况

地域民族。俄罗斯联邦是一个有着悠久文明的世界大国和强国，地跨欧、亚两大洲， 以其自然地理而言，欧洲部分为俄罗斯平原，亚洲部分则分西西伯利亚平原，东西伯 利亚和远东山地部分。北临北冰洋，东濒太平洋，西滨波罗的海芬兰湾。面积 1707.54万平方公里，人口860万，人口密度每平方公里8.6人，境内有120多个民族， 其中81.5%为俄罗斯、鞑靼族占3.8%，乌克兰族占3%，楚瓦什族占1.2%，居科曼多尔 群岛的阿留申族仅有500多人；该国的官方语言是俄语，货币名称卢布，于1998年1月 1日改值发行。

矿产资源
俄罗斯联邦矿产资源丰富，种类多，储量大，尤以煤炭、石油、天然气、铁、铜、黄 金、森林和水力资源为最。俄罗斯联邦亚洲部分被称为自然资源的宝库，面积621.59 万平方公里，约占俄罗斯总面积的36.4%，人口800万，约占俄罗斯联邦总人口的 5.4%。拥有燃料资源14480亿吨（标准燃料），水力资源10090亿千瓦时，各种能源总 量21504亿吨，铁矿25亿吨；锡、汞、黄金、金刚石、云母、石墨、磷、粘土、花岗 岩、石灰石等储量和产量也极为丰富。森林面积3.16亿公顷。水域中盛产各种鱼类， 还盛产珍贵的毛皮和各种药用动植物。

边境线与邻国
俄罗斯的边界线长度为世界第一，达6万公里，与16个邻国接壤，其边界线中海界为3.9万公里，河界7000公里，湖界475公里。新疆维吾尔自治区与其阿尔泰、克麦罗沃、克拉斯诺亚尔斯克3个边疆区（州）毗邻，边界线54公里，没有陆路口岸，但作为中国新疆的一个邻国，历史上就与新疆一直保持着往来。俄罗斯联邦包括16个自治共和国，5个自治州，10个自治区，6个边疆区，49个州和1846个区(相当于我国的县级)和1005座城市。

Regional ethnic. The Russian Federation is a civilized world has a long and strong, across Europe, two continents of Asia, its geography, the European part of Russian Plain, parts of Asia are divided West Siberian plains, mountainous part of eastern Siberia and the Far East. North to the Arctic Ocean, east Pacific Ocean to the west the Gulf of Finland Baltic Sea. An area of 17,075,400 square kilometers, population 8.6 million, the population density of 8.6 people per square kilometer, the territory of more than 120 nationalities, of which 81.5% Russian, Tatar 3.8%, Ukrainian 3%, Chuvash ethnic group is 1.2 %, ranking the Commander Islands in the Aleutian family only 500 people; the country's official language is Russian, the currency name of the ruble, on January 1, 1998 to change the value of distribution.

Mineral Resources
Russian Federation rich in mineral resources, variety, large reserves, particularly coal, oil, natural gas, iron, copper, gold, forest and water resources in the most. Asian part of the Russian Federation, known as the treasure house of natural resources, an area of 6,215,900 square kilometers, accounting for 36.4% of Russia's total area, population 8 million, about the Russian Federation 5.4% of the total population. Has 1.448 trillion tons of fuel resources (standard fuel), water resources 1.009 trillion kwh, the total 2.1504 trillion tons of various energy sources, 2.5 billion tons of iron ore; tin, mercury, gold, diamond, mica, graphite, phosphorus, clay, granite and limestone reserves and production are also very rich. 316 million hectares of forest area. Waters rich with fish, are also rich in valuable fur, and various medicinal plants and animals.
Borders with neighboring countries
Length of Russia's borders in the world, up to 60,000 km, with 16 neighbors, bordering the boundary line of their sea border and 3.9 million km, 7,000 km river border, 475 km Lake community. Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region with the Altai, Kemerovo, Krasnoyarsk Krai 3 (state) near the border line of 54 kilometers, there is no land boundary control points, but as a neighbor of China, Xinjiang, Xinjiang has historically maintained contacts. The Russian Federation consists of 16 autonomous republics, five autonomous prefectures and 10 autonomous regions, and six Krai, 49 states and the 1846 area (equivalent to our county) and 1005 cities.